Abagqugquzeli bokukhula kwama-antibiotic basetshenziswa kabanzi ukuthuthukisa ukuzuza kwesisindo. Nokho, ukusetshenziswa kabi kwama-antibiotic kungaba nemiphumela emibi eminingi kubantu. Ukwakhiwa kwezindlela ezihlukile zokulwa nama-antibiotics kuyisidingo esiphuthumayo sokukhiqizwa kwemfuyo. Inhloso yalolu cwaningo bekuwukuphenya imithelela yezithako eziphakelayo njengama-antibiotic substitutes (ASs) ekuvimbeleni amagciwane, ukukhula kokukhula, i-gut morphology kanye nokugonywa komzimba ngokusebenzisa i-meta-analysis (meta{4}}analysis) kanye ne-network meta{5}}analysis (NMA). Ukwengeza, ama-AS aphansi, esibili kanye nasezingeni eliphezulu ahlonzwe ngokuqhathanisa imiphumela naleyo yemithi elwa namagciwane.
Imiphumela
Ezifundweni ezingu-16,309 ezikhonjiwe, izifundo ezingu-37 zomphumela wokuvinjelwa kwamagciwane njengezithasiselo zokuphakelayo kwafingqiwe ukuthi izingulube ezingu-89 zifakwe kumetha-ukuhlaziya kanye ne-NMA (10,228 pigs). Sifingqa izinhlangano ezingama-268 zokungenelela kwe-57 nezinhlobo ezingama-bacteria ezingama-32. Imiphumela yokuvimbela amagciwane yayibekwe kanje: ama-peptides e-antimicrobial (AMPs) ≈ ama-antibiotics > ama-organic acids > izitshalo ezikhishwe > ama-oligosaccharides. Sihlole izithasiselo zokuphakelayo eziyi-11 kanye nemiphumela engu-11 yokuhlobana. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezilinganiso ze-basal, izitshalo zezitshalo, ama-peptide e-antimicrobial, ama-probiotics, izakhi zokulandelela, ama-organic acid, ama-phages, i-lysozyme, ama-enzyme nama-oligosaccharides athuthukise kakhulu ukusebenza kokukhula (P <0.05); ama-organic acid, ama-probiotics, izakhi zokulandelela, i-lysozyme kanye nama-peptide e-antimicrobial athuthukise kakhulu ukuphakama kwe-villus kanye nesilinganiso sokujula kwe-crypt (V / C) (P <0.05); izitshalo zezitshalo, ama-enzyme, izakhi zokulandelela, ama-probiotics Izitshalo zezitshalo, ama-enzyme, izakhi zokulandelela, ama-probiotics nama-acids e-organic athuthukisa kakhulu umsebenzi wokuzivikela komzimba (P <0.05). I-AMP efanelekile, i-phage, i-lysozyme, izakhi zokulandelela, ama-oligosaccharides, ama-organic acid, izitshalo, izitshalo ezikhishwe, ama-probiotics nama-enzyme angeziwe ku-0.100%, 0.150%, 0.012%, 0.010%, 0.050%, 0.750%, 0, 0, 0%, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0. 0.100%, ngokulandelana. Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-antibiotics, isithasiselo ngasinye sokuphakelayo sasingenawo umthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kokukhula kwezingulube, i-IgG kanye nenkomba/isilinganiso sohudo (P> 0.05); Ama-AMP nama-trace elements anyuke kakhulu i-V/C (P <0.05); futhi amalungiselelo e-enzyme anda kakhulu amazinga e-lymphocyte (P <0.05). Ngaphezu kwalokho, imodeli yokulinganisa enesisindo somugqa yasetshenziswa ukuze kuhlolwe ngokuphelele umthelela ophelele wesengezo sokudla ngakunye ekukhuleni kwengulube nempilo.
Isiphetho
Okutholakele kwethu kusikisela ukuthi ama-peptide e-antimicrobial kanye nezitshalo zezitshalo zingasetshenziswa njengezindawo ezinkulu zama-antibiotic (ama-ASs) ezingulubeni ezilunyuliwe kanye nezingulube ezikhulayo. Izigaba, ama-enzyme, izitshalo, ama-probiotics, ama-oligosaccharides, i-lysozyme kanye nezakhi zokulandelela zingasetshenziswa njenge-AS yesibili. ama-nucleotide nama-organic acid angathathwa njengezimbongolo ezisezingeni lesithathu. izifundo zesikhathi esizayo kufanele zihlole ngokuqhubekayo umphumela wokushintsha izithasiselo zokudla okuhlanganisiwe.
