Ngomhla ziyisi-8 kuMfumfu wezi-2019, i-World Health Organization (WHO) yakhipha umbiko wayo wokuqala we-World Vision Report, obonise ukuthi cishe abantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2.6 emhlabeni wonke babona eduze, okuhlanganisa abantu abayizigidi ezingu-312 abaneminyaka engaphansi kuka-19. Manje kusukela kuzingane, intsha, abantu abadala kanye nabadala ngenxa yokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwemikhiqizo kagesi, amehlo asesimweni sokukhathala{7}}sesikhathi eside, amehlo omile kuya ekuphileni kwansuku zonke kulethe inkinga enkulu, ngakho ukunakekelwa kwamehlo sekuyisidingo.
Ukunakekelwa kwamehlo manje kuyadingeka, futhi i-lutein ne-lutein ekhishwe nayo iyafuneka.
I-Lutein, isakhi esibalulekile sokuthuthukiswa kwamehlo
I-Lutein iyisakhi esibalulekile somsoco ekuthuthukiseni iso. Iqoqa ku-retina yeso lomuntu, isabalalise endaweni ye-macular yeso nakuyo yonke i-retina, ibamba iqhaza ikakhulukazi ekwakhekeni kwe-macular pigment ku-retina, ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye emaphakathi yobuchopho bomzimba womuntu nayo iqongelela ukugcwala okuphezulu kwe-lutein.
I-Lutein ayikwazi ukuhlanganiswa ngumzimba womuntu ngokwawo kodwa kufanele imuncwe emhlabeni wangaphandle. Izingane zingaluthola obisini lwebele. Abantu abadala bangathola emvelweni, imifino evamile efana nezaqathi, isipinashi, ithanga, i-leek, ummbila, nezinye izitshalo, amagremu angu-100 ane-lutein engaphezu kuka-10 mg; Kodwa-ke, umphumela we-lutein supplement awukwazi ukufezwa kuphela ngenani lokudla kwansuku zonke, ngakho-ke kuyisinqumo esihle ukwengeza isithasiselo se-lutein ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu.
I-Lutein itholakala ku-lutein ester emakethe, i-marigold lutein esters izitshalo noma i-algae encane equkethe i-carotenoid fatty ester ester, izimbali ze-marigold kokuqukethwe ziphakeme, i-marigold njengento eluhlaza, ngemva kokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi, ukuchotshozwa, ukukhishwa kwe-solvent, ukuhlanzwa, ukugxila, ukomisa kanye nezinye izinyathelo, ukudla okuningi okufakwe emakethe okuluhlaza kungezwa emakethe.
Ngakho-ke yikuphi okungcono, i-lutein noma i-lutein ester? Inkinga iqala ngomehluko phakathi kwakho kokubili.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-lutein ne-lutein ester
1. Isakhiwo samakhemikhali
Ifomula yamangqamuzana e-lutein yi-C40H56O2, isisindo se-molecular esihlobene singu-568.85, CAS No. 127-40-2; I-Lutein iyi-dihydroxy carotenoid equkethe indandatho ye-rhodoxone.
Isakhiwo samangqamuzana e-lutein yonke-i-trans isomer
I-Lutein ester i-molecular formula: C72H116O4, isisindo samangqamuzana esihlobene siyi-1045.71.
Isakhiwo samangqamuzana e-lutein ester yonke-i-trans isomer
Njengoba kungabonakala kufomula yesakhiwo, i-lutein ester iyisakhiwo se-fatty acid ye-lutein, enesisindo samangqamuzana esiphezulu.
I-Lutein ester iwuhlobo lwe-carotene fatty acid ester. Isakhiwo sawo esiyinhloko siqukethe-izindandatho zekhabhoni{1}}ezingamalungu ayisithupha axhunywe iketango elide eliqukethe ama-athomu e-carbon angu-18 ahlanganiswe ngebhondi ekabili. I-Lutein esters ingahlukaniswa ngama-trans kanye ne-cis lutein esters, futhi iningi lawo litholakala ezitshalweni zemvelo kukho konke{4}}ukucushwa kwe-trans molecular.
2. Inqubo
Inqubo elula ye-lutein ne-lutein ester
I-Lutein ester ikhishwa ku-marigold chrysanthemum ene-organic solvent, bese i-lutein ester iphinde ifakwe i-alkali reagent, ukwakheka kwe-fatty acid ye-lutein ester -R iguqulelwa ku--OH, bese kuba i-lutein. I-Lutein ester iwumkhiqizo omaphakathi we-lutein, okhombisa ngokungaqondile ukuthi i-lutein ester iyingxenye yemvelo ye-marigold, hhayi i-lutein.
Okwesithathu, umthombo
Lolu hlobo lwe-lutein alukho emvelweni. Isibonelo, i-lutein ikhona ngendlela yokungafaki{1}i-esterification mahhala emifino nezithelo, njenge-broccoli, ubhontshisi oluhlaza, uphizi oluhlaza, ubhontshisi wezinso, i-kale, imifino ye-collard, isipinashi, ulethisi kanye neminye imifino nezithelo.
Kodwa-ke, i-lutein esithelweni nemifino ephuzi noma esawolintshi isesimweni se-fatty acid esterification ye-lutein efana ne-myritic acid, i-lauric acid ne-palmitic acid. Isibonelo, kunenani elikhulu le-lutein ester kumango, i-papaya, i-peach, iplamu (iplamu), ithanga, i-melon, i-orange nokunye, kodwa hhayi i-lutein yamahhala.
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Spectral kubonise ukuthi izingxenye ze-pigment ku-marigold zazikhona kakhulu ngesimo se-esters, eyakhiwa ikakhulukazi i-lutein esters yama-acids ahlukene angu-8. Indlela yama-fatty acids nayo yenza i-lutein yazinza ku-marigold.
4. Izinqubo ze-metabolic
Ukuthi i-lutein ne-lutein ester zinhle noma cha kuncike ekusetshenzisweni kwazo nasekusetshenzisweni kwazo. I-Lutein ngokwemvelo ikhona endaweni ye-macular kanye nobuchopho be-fundus yomuntu, futhi izifundo zesimanje nazo zithole ukuthi i-lutein ingamuncwa ngokuqondile futhi isetshenziswe ngumzimba ngokusebenzisa ipheshana lamathumbu omuntu.
I-Lutein ester inesakhiwo se-fatty acid esibulalayo, futhi i-molecule inkulu futhi ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa ngokuqondile. Idinga ukubola ibe yi-lutein yamahhala bese imuncwa futhi isetshenziswe.
I-bioavailability ye-lutein esters ihlobene nenani lamafutha ekudleni. I-Lutein esters ivamise ukudinga i-esterase noma i-lipase ukuze yenze i-hydrolysis, ngakho ukudla okufanele kwamafutha kunenzuzo ekumunceni nasekusetshenzisweni kwe-lutein esters.
5. Ukusebenza kahle
Ngaphansi komthamo ofanayo i-lutein noma i-lutein ester yimuphi umphumela wokuvikela iso ongcono? Eqinisweni, ayikho impendulo eqondile yalo mbuzo, kodwa singakwazi ukubona umehluko ekusebenzeni kahle kusukela ekubhalisweni kokudla kwezempilo.
Ukwengeza, phakathi kwemikhiqizo ebhalisiwe ye-lutein, imisebenzi yokunakekelwa kwezempilo eyisikhombisa ivimbela{0}}i-oxidation, futhi imikhiqizo emine kuthiwa inomthelela wokuthuthukisa ukungatheleleki. Lokhu kungase kubonise ukuthi i-lutein ingabonwa ngokuphumelelayo ekudleni kokunakekelwa kwamehlo.
