Ukukhishwa kwezitshalo kubhekisela emkhiqizweni owenziwe ngokuthatha izitshalo zemvelo njengezinto zokusetshenziswa, ngenqubo yokukhipha nokuhlukaniswa, ukutholwa kokuqondisa kanye nokugxila kwengxenye eyodwa noma ngaphezulu esebenzayo ezitshalweni ngaphandle kokushintsha ukwakheka kwezingxenye ezisebenzayo. Ukukhishwa kwezitshalo kuwumkhiqizo wemvelo obalulekile, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwawo kuhlanganisa imikhakha eminingi efana nemithi, umkhiqizo wokunakekelwa kwezempilo, ukudla nesiphuzo, isiphuzo, isiphuzo, isithasiselo sokudla, izimonyo kanye nesengezo sokudla.
Isikali Semakethe
Imboni yokukhipha izitshalo zaseShayina ithonywa isiko lemithi yendabuko yamaShayina futhi inezinzuzo eziyingqayizivele zokuthuthuka. Ngasikhathi sinye, ngokukhula okusheshayo kwesidingo somhlaba wonke sezitshalo ezikhishwe, usayizi wemakethe womkhakha wezitshalo zaseShayina nawo uveza umkhuba okhulayo. Ngokusho kobukhulu bemakethe yomhlaba wonke yezitshalo ezikhishwe eminyakeni yamuva nje kanye nengxenye yosayizi wemakethe yaseShayina, usayizi wemakethe we-Plant extracts e-China ufinyelele ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-34.2 ngo-2019, futhi kulinganiselwa ukuthi usayizi wemakethe wezitshalo ezikhishwe eChina uzofinyelela ku-44 billion yuan ngo-2022.
Ngenisa futhi Thumela Ulwazi
Njengomkhiqizi omkhulu wezitshalo ezikhishwe ezitshalweni emhlabeni, ukuthunyelwa kwe-China kwezithako zezitshalo bekulokhu kukhuphuka eminyakeni yakamuva, okufike kurekhodi eliphezulu lama-yuan ayizigidigidi eziyi-16.576 ngo-2018, okukhuphuke ngamaphesenti angu-17.79{3}ngonyaka{4}, ngokusho kwe-China Chamber of Commerce for Pharmaceutical Products Importers and Exporters. Ngo-2019, ngenxa yomthelela wempi yezohwebo yase-Sino-yase-US, ukuthunyelwa kwaminyaka yonke kwezingcaphuno zezitshalo kwaba ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-16.604, -ngonyaka{10}wokukhula okungu-0.19% kuphela. Ngo-2020, nakuba ithintekile yilolu bhubhane, iphinde yagqugquzela isidingo sabathengi sokukhishwa kwezitshalo emithonjeni yemvelo. Ngo-2020, iShayina yathumela ngaphandle amathani angama-96,000 ezitshalo zezitshalo, ekhuphuke ngo-11.0% unyaka nonyaka, nenani eliphelele lokuthumela ngaphandle lama-DOLLAR angama-171.5, likhuphuke ngo-3.6% unyaka nonyaka. Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuJuni 2021, inani eliphelele laseShayina lokuthunyelwa kwezitshalo ezikhishiwe lalingama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-12.46.
INyakatho Melika, i-Asia kanye ne-Europe izimakethe ezinkulu zabathengi bezitshalo ezikhishwe emhlabeni jikelele. Ngokwezibalo ze-China Medical Insurance Association, amazwe aphezulu ayi-10 nezifunda zokuthunyelwa kwezitshalo zaseChina ngo-2020 kwakuyi-United States, Japan, India, Spain, South Korea, Mexico, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Malaysia, lapho ukuthunyelwa kwe-United States naseJapan kwaba ngu-25% no-9% ngokulandelana.
I-Future Development Prospect
1. Imboni ingeyomkhakha wokwesekwa kwenqubomgomo, ehambisana nesiqondiso sokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni esikhathini esizayo
Njengoba ngemva kokuphothula, ukucutshungulwa okujulile kwemikhiqizo yezitshalo zemvelo, ukukhishwa kwezitshalo kungathuthukisa ngokuphumelelayo inani elengeziwe lemboni yezitshalo zemvelo, inkambu yayo yokufaka isicelo izosiza ukukhuthaza ukukhushulwa kwezinga lokuphila kwabantu futhi ithuthuke, ngakho-ke, ithole ukwesekwa kwenqubomgomo kazwelonke, isibonelo, "uhlaka lukazwelonke-lolwesikhathi eside-}lohlelo lokuthuthukiswa kwesayensi nobuchwepheshe (2006-2020)" lwakwenza kwacaca ukuthi "Ukugxila emikhiqizweni ekhethekile yezolimo nemikhiqizo yezolimo ehlanzekile kanye nezolimo processing technology". Izuza ekudingeni izimakethe nokwesekwa kwenqubomgomo, imboni yokumba izitshalo inekusasa elithembisayo.
2. Umkhiqizo usetshenziswa kabanzi futhi unesidingo esikhulu semakethe
Ukusetshenziswa kwezitshalo ezikhishwe izitshalo kuhlanganisa imikhakha eminingi efana nemithi, ukudla kwezempilo, isithasiselo sokudla, izimonyo nokunye, okunokusebenza okuhle nendawo enkulu yemakethe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuthuthukiswa kwezinga lesayensi nezobuchwepheshe kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza, okukhishiwe okusha kuyaqhubeka nokuvela, futhi izimo ezintsha zokusetshenziswa kwezingcaphuno ezaziwayo ziyaqhubeka nokunwetshwa, futhi nesidingo semakethe seziqeshana zezitshalo sizokhula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitshalo ezikhishwayo zinezakhiwo zemvelo, ezihambisana nomqondo wokubuyela emvelweni yabathengi namuhla. Ukungcola{3}imikhiqizo eluhlaza yamahhala inendawo enkulu yokuthuthuka kanye namathemba abanzi emakethe ekhaya naphesheya.
3. Umthelela wemakethe wamabhizinisi aphambili uzoqhubeka nokukhula ngezinzuzo zawo zokuncintisana
Ngokushintsha kokuncintisana kwezimakethe, abasebenzi bezimboni babhekene nenkinga yentuthuko yokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nokuhlinzekwa okuzinzile, nokugcina nokuhlanganisa isikhundla semakethe ngocwaningo lwezobuchwepheshe nokuthuthukiswa kanye nokwandiswa kwamandla. Ngakho-ke, amabhizinisi ahamba phambili embonini ngemakethe yawo, umkhiqizo, isikali kanye nezinzuzo zezindleko, akulungele ukusebenzisa amathuba emakethe, ukubamba isabelo semakethe, ukuze aqhubeke nokwandisa amandla emakethe. Ukwengeza, njengoba ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kudlala indima ebalulekile emakethe yezitshalo zaseShayina ezikhishwe, futhi kuthatha isikhathi esithile ukujwayelana nemithetho yohwebo yamazwe ngamazwe nokuqonda izici zezimakethe zesifunda ezihlukahlukene, ochwepheshe abanolwazi asebevele benza{2}}uhwebo lwamazwe amaningi bazohlomula{3}}kunzuzo yokuqala{3}}yokuthutha.
