Izilwane ezincane zivame ukuvela izifo ze-digestive tract ezifana ne-dyspepsia nesifo sohudo ngenxa yokungalungi kahle kwendawo yangaphandle. Isifo sohudo senzeka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nasekupheleni kwehlobo nasekuqaleni kwekwindla, sinezimpawu ezifana nezinga lokushisa lomzimba eliphakeme, isifo sohudo, ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni,{1}}ukuzifaka ushevu kanye nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo. Uhudo alugcini nje ngokusongela impilo yezilwane ezincane kodwa futhi luletha ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwezomnotho ekuthuthukisweni kwemfuyo. Imithi elwa namagciwane ayivikele ngempumelelo impilo yezilwane emashumini eminyaka adlule, kodwa{4}}ukwengezwa kwesikhathi eside kwama-antibiotics ekudleni kuzoholela ekuveleni kwe-super bacteria{5}}engazweli ezilwaneni, kuyilapho ama-antibiotic ehlala ezilwaneni, okungagcini nje ngokulimaza impilo yezilwane, kodwa futhi kube usongo olukhulu empilweni yabantu. NgokweNombolo yesimemezelo{7}} soMnyango Wezolimo Nezindaba Zasemakhaya, imboni yezokudla isingene enkathini yokungabi nakuphikiswa, futhi ucwaningo lokushintshwa kwama-antibiotic luzoba yinto okugxilwe kuyo ocwaningweni esikhathini esizayo. Izitshalo ezikhishwe izitshalo ziqukethe ama-saponins, ama-polysaccharides, ama-alkaloids, ama-flavonoid, namafutha abalulekile ezitshalo nezinye izithako, avimbe ukukhula kwamagciwane, akhuthaze amanyikwe kanye nokukhishwa kwe-enzyme yamathumbu amancane futhi akhulise amandla okukhiqiza kanye nokukhishwa kwe-bile, ekuthuthukiseni ukungatheleleki kanye nokukhuthaza impilo yamathumbu edlala indima ebalulekile, ngokuthuthuka nokusetshenziswa kwezilwane kanye namandla ezilwane.
Uhlolojikelele lwezitshalo ezikhishwe kanye nezithako ezisebenzayo
Isibonelo, amagama esiNgisi wezitshalo ezikhishwe ahlanganisa i-phytogenic feed additive, Herbs, kanye nezitshalo ezikhishwe. Ngomqondo obanzi, ukukhishwa kwesitshalo kubhekisela ohlotsheni olulodwa noma ngaphezulu lwemikhiqizo yezitshalo enama-molecule amancane ebhayoloji noma ama-macromolecules njengomzimba oyinhloko otholwe ngokuhlukaniswa nokuhlanzwa kwamaqabunga okuqala esitshalo ngokukhipha nokuwahluza. Ngomqondo omncane, izithako zezitshalo ziyizithasiselo{2}}ezithathwe ezitshalweni ezisetshenziswa ezitshalweni bese zisetshenziselwa ukungezwa ekudleni kwezilwane. Zingakhuthaza ukusebenza kokukhiqizwa kwezilwane, zithuthukise ukuvikeleka komzimba futhi zithuthukise izinga lemikhiqizo yezilwane.
Ukukhishwa kwezitshalo kuqukethe izinhlobonhlobo zezingxenye ezisebenzayo, kufaka phakathi ama-saponins, ama-polysaccharides, ama-flavonoids nokunye. AmaSaponins ayikilasi lama-glycosides anesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi, atholakala kabanzi embusweni wezitshalo futhi ayisisekelo sezitshalo eziningi zemvelo ukwenza imisebenzi yemithi. Isibonelo, ama-saponins ama-triterpenoid ayizingxenye eziyinhloko emithini yendabuko yaseShayina i-Pulsatilla chinensis, ephinde ibe yisisekelo sokulwa -nesimila, -okuvimba ukuvuvukala kanye neminye imisebenzi yebhayoloji. I-triterpenoid saponins ye-Pulsatilla pulsatilla ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa i-pulsatilla pulsatilla saponin B4, i-pulsatilla pulsatilla saponin A3 kanye ne-23-hydroxybetulic acid. Phakathi kwazo, i-pulsatilla pulsatilla saponin B4 (Anemoside B4) iyisithako esisebenzayo esinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu, futhi ifomula yayo yamakhemikhali ithi C59H96O26, ene-antibacterial, anti{15}}anti{15}}ukuvuvukala kanye{19}}nemiphumela ethuthukisayo. I-Polysaccharide, njengohlobo lwe-macromolecular substance, inomsebenzi omuhle wezinto eziphilayo. Yakhiwe ngamamolekyuli e-monosaccharide angaphezu kuka-10 axhunywe amabhondi e-glycosidic, futhi ine-antibacterial kanye{20}ne-anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antioxidant, anti{27}}tumor, ithuthukisa ukuvikeleka komzimba neminye imisebenzi. Uma sithatha i-Astragalus njengesibonelo, i-Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) iyisithako esiyinhloko esisebenzayo somuthi wendabuko waseShayina i-Astragalus membranaceus. Ifomula yayo yamakhemikhali ithi C10H7ClN2O2S, futhi inemisebenzi yebhayoloji yokunqanda-isimila,{29}}igciwane,{30}}i-oxidation,{33}}eqeda ukuguga, yehlisa ushukela osegazini, futhi ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kwamathumbu nezinga lokusebenzisa izakhi. Khulisa inkomba yesitho sokuzivikela komzimba, uthuthukise ukusebenza kwamasosha omzimba ezilwane, uthuthukise ukusebenza kokukhula kwezilwane, uthuthukise ikhwalithi yemfuyo kanye nemikhiqizo yezinkukhu. I-Flavonoid iwuhlobo lwama-polyphenol asakazwa kabanzi ezitshalweni, anemiphumela yokulwa ne-antioxidant, elwa namagciwane kanye{35}ne-antibacterial{35}futhi ebaluleke ngokukhethekile ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokukhula nokuphepha kwamagciwane ezilwane. Isibonelo, i-Baicalin, ekhishwe futhi yahlukaniswa empandeni eyomile ye-Scutellaria baicalin, iyinhlanganisela ye-flavonoid ene-antibacterial ebalulekile,{36}eqeda ukuvuvukala,{37}}i-tumor,{39}}anti{39}}pathogen neminye imisebenzi yebhayoloji. Isetshenziswe kabanzi ekwelapheni ukukhwehlela kokushisa kwamaphaphu, isifo sohudo esimanzi, ukubomvu kwamehlo nobuhlungu, njll.
