Impilo yamathumbu iyisihluthulelo sokukhula okunempilo kwezilwane, futhi ukugcina impilo yamathumbu emfuyo nezinkukhu kuwumsebenzi obalulekile ekuzaleni imfuyo. Njengamanje, kube nemibiko eminingi mayelana nendlela yokukhipha izitshalo ezilawula impilo yamathumbu emfuyo nezinkukhu, kodwa lolu cwaningo lugxile ekukhishweni okungahluziwe, kanye nocwaningo mayelana nendlela yokukhipha izitshalo ezilawula impilo yamathumbu ezilwane kusesigabeni sokuqala futhi kudinga ukucutshungulwa kabanzi.
1. Indlela ye-bacteriostatic yezitshalo ezikhishwe
Ukukhishwa kwezitshalo kunomphumela omkhulu wokuvimbela kubhaktheriya, indlela yokuvimbela ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa:
① okukhishiwe kwezitshalo kungakhiqizwa ngolwelwesi lweseli lwebhaktheriya noma udonga lweseli, kwehlisa ukwakheka kodonga lweseli yebhaktheriya, kwenze ulwelwesi lwamaseli lukwazi ukukhuphuka, okuholela kuma-molecule amakhulu okuqukethwe kweseli namaseli e-cytoplasm afinyile we-effusion, kunqande ukunyakaza kwama-proton, ekugcineni kubangele ukufa kwebhaktheriya;
② Vimba i-biosynthesis ye-DNA, i-RNA namaprotheni, okuholela ekufeni kwebhaktheriya;
③ Izinto ezisebenzayo ezikhishwe esitshalweni zingangena kumaseli, zibhubhise i-mitochondria nezinye izakhiwo kumaseli, zivimbele ukuphefumula kwamangqamuzana, zithinte ukwakheka kwe-ATP indlela, zivimbele imisebenzi evamile yokuphila kwamagciwane, okuholela ekufeni kwebhaktheriya;
④ Okukhishiwe kwezitshalo kungakhuthaza umsebenzi we-catalytic wama-radicals mahhala futhi kunciphise ukukhiqizwa kwama-radicals mahhala ngokukhuthaza imisebenzi ye-CAT namanye ama-enzyme e-antioxidant, ahlala ehlobene nokukhiqizwa kwama-radicals mahhala.
⑤ Iphazamisa ukwakheka kwe-peptidoglycan yebhaktheriya, ibhubhise ukwakheka kwebhaktheriya, futhi ivimbele ukukhula kwamagciwane;
⑥ Thuthukisa ukumelana komzimba namagciwane, dlala indima engaqondile ye-bacteriostatic. I-antibacterial mechanism yezitshalo zezitshalo inemininingwane
2. Indlela yokukhipha izitshalo ezithuthukisa impilo yamathumbu
Ama-polysaccharides, ama-polyphenols, ama-saponins, uwoyela abalulekile kanye nokukhishwa kotshwala kuye kwafakazelwa ukuthi kuthuthukisa kakhulu impilo yamathumbu nokuthuthukisa ukungatheleleki kwamathumbu emathunjini. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-mucosa yamathumbu ikakhulukazi kuhlanganisa:
① Ukwandisa ubude be-villus nesilinganiso sobude be-villus ekujuleni kwe-crypt ku-duodenum, i-jejunum ne-ileum, ukuthuthukisa ngempumelelo ukwakheka kwe-mucosa yamathumbu nokuthuthukisa ukukhula kwamathumbu;
② Thuthukisa imvelo yamathumbu, ukhuthaze ukukhishwa kwama-enzyme okugaya, uthuthukise umsebenzi wama-enzyme wokugaya, uthuthukise umsebenzi wokugaya amathumbu ezilwane;
③ Khulisa ukukhula kwe-bifidobacteria emathunjini, amagciwane e-lactic acid namanye ama-probiotics, avimbele ukukhiqizwa kwamagciwane ayingozi, alondoloze ukuzinza kwezitshalo zamathumbu, futhi akhuthaze impilo yamathumbu;
④ Bopha ama-receptors athile kulwelwesi lwamaseli omzimba, ulamula indlela yokubonisa ukusebenza kwamaseli omzimba, ukhuthaze ukugcinwa kwama-cytokines afana ne-T/B lymphocyte nama-macrophages, futhi ugcine impilo yamathumbu;
⑤ Ukukhuthaza ukubonakaliswa kwe-mRNA kwezinto zokulungisa ama-mucosal emathunjini (EGFR, PCNA, TGF 1) kanye namaprotheni ahlangene (Occludin, Claudin-1, ZO-1), akhuthaze ukulungiswa kwamathumbu nokugcina impilo yamathumbu. Indlela yokukhishwa kwezitshalo ekhuthaza impilo yamathumbu ezilwaneni.
