(1) INTUTHUKO YOCWANINGO NGE-CHLOROGENIC AcID
1. Iqeda ukuvuvukala{1}kanye ne-antioxidant
Ukucindezeleka kokushisa kunomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwezinkukhu. I-Chlorogenic acid (CGA) ine-antibacterial, anti{1}}imithelela yokuvuvukala kanye ne-antioxidant. U-Chen Fang et al. (2021) yafunda imiphumela ye-Dietary CGA supplementation empilweni yamathumbu kanye nokwakheka kwe-cecal microflora yamatshwele ngaphansi kokucindezeleka kokushisa okukhulu, futhi yahlukaniswa ngokungahleliwe-izinsuku{7}}ezindala ze-Hy{26}}ezinsundu zenkukhu zibe ngamaqembu angu-4. Izinkukhu eziseqenjini lokulawula (C) kanye neqembu lokucindezeleka lokushisa (HS) zanikezwa ukudla okuyisisekelo, futhi izinkukhu eziku-HS + CGA300 kanye namaqembu e-HS + CGA600 zondliwa ukudla okuyisisekelo okuhlanganiswe ne-300 kanye ne-600mg / kg ye-CGA amaviki angu-2, ngokulandelana. Izinkukhu zenyama eqenjini le-HS, iqembu le-HS + CGA 300 kanye neqembu le-HS + CGA 600 zivezwe ku-38℃for 4h, kuyilapho iqembu lokulawula lalinakekelwa ku-25 degree. Imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi i-CGA yezokudla ingadambisa ukwehla kwe-T-AOC kanye ne-T-imisebenzi ye-SOD kanye nokwanda kwe-IL-1 ne-TNF- okudalwe ukucindezelwa ukushisa okukhulu. Ukwengezwa kokudla okungu-600mg/kg CGA kungathuthukisa insada yamabhaktheriya anenzuzo, njengalokhu: Ubuningi obuhlobene bezinhlobo zamabhaktheriya anenzuzo njenge-Rikenellaceae RC9_gut_group, i-Ruminococcaceae UCG-005 kanye ne-Christennellaceae R-7_Group inganciphisa ubuningi bamagciwane ahlobene, ahlobene. Ngakho-ke, i-CGA inganciphisa ukulimala kokucindezeleka kokushisa okukhulu ngokuvimbela ukuvuvukala, ithuthukise umthamo we-antioxidant kanye nokulawula ukwakheka kwe-cecal microflora.
2. Vimbela amagciwane futhi ulawule ukusebenza kwesithiyo samathumbu
-- Zhang Xinheng et al. (2020) Kuphenywe ngemiphumela ye-chlorogenic acid (CA) empilweni yamathumbu, ukukhula, ukucindezelwa kwe-oxidative, impendulo yokuvuvukala kanye nezinkomba zegazi lezinkukhu ze-SPF ezitheleleke ngeClostridium perfringens (CP). Imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi i-chlorogenic acid ingathuthukisa ngokuphumelelayo ukusebenza kokukhula, ivimbele ukulimala kwesakhiwo samathumbu amancane, ithuthukise umthamo we-antioxidant, ivimbele ukulimala kokwakhiwa kwe-ileum mucosa nokuxhumeka okuqinile, ivimbele ama-cytokines avuthayo futhi ithuthukise izinkomba ze-biochemical zegazi. UZhuo Chunliu et al. (2020) yafunda ukuthi ngemuva kokutheleleka kwesaka lomoya lesisu nge-EScherichia coli O78, izinga lokufa kwamatshwele azalela lenyuka kakhulu, umsebenzi wokuhlangana okuqinile kwamathumbu wonakalisiwe, i-cecal microflora yashintsha, futhi ukungatheleleki kwehle. Kodwa-ke, i-chlorogenic acid supplementation ijwayele ukwandisa okuqukethwe kwe-IgA ne-IgM ku-serum yezinkukhu ezitheleleke nge-EScherichia coli O78, yehlisa ukubonakaliswa kwe-il-1, IL-2 kanye ne-IFN- ku-serum, yakhuthaza ukubonakaliswa kwe-jejunum tight junction protein gene, futhi yandisa ubuningi benkukhu ye-Firmicide eqenjini le-Firmiogenic acid. Ubuningi obuhlobene be-Bacteroidetes nama-Proteobacteria bunciphile. Imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi i-stevia chlorogenic acid inhibiting intestinal proinflammatory cytokines gene expression, activation of the host immunity immunity kanye ne-humoral immune, futhi ngokwandisa intestinal tight junction protein gene expression and optimization of the intestinal microbial flora, ngaleyo ndlela ivimbele ukuvuvukala kwamathumbu emathunjini, ngcono ukusebenza kwamathumbu, ukuvimbela i-chicken. coli ukutheleleka.
-- Yao Shanshan et al. (2020) kuxoxwe ngokuqedwa kokumelana nezidakamizwa kwe-chicken escherichia coli nge-chlorogenic acid ngobuchwepheshe bokulandelana kwe-transcriptomic, futhi i-1.25mg/mL i-chlorogenic acid inganciphisa i-MIC ye-levofloxacin ibe yizinhlobo zokuhlehla ezingazweli izidakamizwa ukusuka ku-16ug/mL kuya ku-4-8 ug/mL. Inganciphisa ukumelana nokucindezeleka kwamagciwane, ivimbele ukusebenza kwezakhi zofuzo zokumelana nezidakamizwa futhi ivimbele ukuhlanganiswa kabusha kwe-DNA yebhaktheriya, engaqeda ukumelana ne-levofloxacin ye-EScherichia coli engazweli emthini ngokwezinga elithile, futhi ngaleyo ndlela idlale indima yokuvimbela nokuqeda ukumelana nezidakamizwa.
- inkosi u-Jesus Qiang (2020), imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi i-chlorogenic acid ingadambisa ukulimala kwamathumbu okudalwe yi-LPS, futhi i-chlorogenic acid yenombolo ye-stem cell yamathumbu kanye nomsebenzi wokulungisa ingase isebenzise umsebenzi wokuvikela ukulimala kwamathumbu we-chlorogenic acid, isisekelo sokusebenzisa izitho zamathumbu zemodeli yocwaningo lwe-in vitro, ngokusekelwe ekwakhiweni kohlobo lwe-LPS yokulimala kwamathumbu. izimpawu ze-pathway inhibitors, indlela ye-chlorogenic acid elawula ukusebenza kwe-stem cell yamathumbu yahlolwa. Imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi ukugcwala kwe-1mM chlorogenic acid kwehle kusuka ku-0.5mM kuya ku-0.1 mM ku-duodenum ngemva kokugaya ngesisu, futhi i-caffeic acid ne-quinic acid yakhiqizwa phakathi nale nqubo. I-Chlorogenic acid ithuthukise ukuvezwa kwendlela yokusayina ye-JAK ku-lPS-isigaba se-apoptosis esidalwe ukulimala emathunjini. I-Chlorogenic acid idlala indima yokuvikela ekulimaleni kwe-epithelial emathunjini ngokwenza kusebenze inombolo yamangqamuzana e-intestinal stem ngokusebenzisa ukulawulwa kwendlela yokusayina ye-JAK esigabeni sokwanda kwamagundane okulimala emathunjini.
- I-Chlorogenic acid inomphumela osobala we-bacteriostatic ku-Clostridium perfringens kanye ne-Escherichia coli, ingaqeda ukumelana nomuthi we-EScherichia coli, yehlise i-lPS-okwenziwa ukulimala kwamathumbu e-EScherichia coli, futhi ilawule ukusebenza kokuvimbela amathumbu.
3. Lawula ukungatheleleki kanye ne-antiviral
-- Muhammad Abaidullah et al. (2021) uhlole izakhiwo ezilwa namagciwane ze-CGA ngokumelene ne-infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in vivo kanye ne-in vitro okokuqala ngqa. Ukuhlolwa kwe-in vitro kuqinisekise ukuthi i-CGA inciphise kakhulu isisho se-mRNA esihlobene se-IBV-N kumaseli e-CEK. 400mg/kg CGA-H inganciphisa izinga lokubonisa le-IBV-N mRNA futhi yehlise ukulimala koqhoqhoqho namaphaphu. Amaleveli enkulumo ethi IL-6, IL-1 , IL-12 kanye ne-NF-κB mRNA kuqhoqhoqho ehle kakhulu, kuyilapho amazinga okuchaza okuthi IL-22 kanye ne-IL-10 anyuswe. Ukwelashwa kwe-Cga-h kwandise kakhulu amazinga okukhuluma we-MDA5, MAVS, TLR7, MyD88, IRF7, IFN- kanye ne-IFN- kuqhoqhoqho namaphaphu. I-Cga-h idale ukwanda kakhulu kwe-CD3+, i-CD4+ ne-CD4+/ CD8+, futhi yandise kakhulu amazinga e-serum IgA, IgG kanye ne-IgM. Ekuphetheni, ukugxila okuphezulu kwe-CGA kuyinhlanganisela eqinile ye-anti-IBV, engalawula ngokuphumelelayo ukungatheleleki kwangaphakathi ngokusebenzisa i-MDA5, TLR7 kanye ne-NF-κB izindlela zokubonisa, futhi yenze izimpendulo ze-cell and humoral immune ku-CHICKENS ezitheleleke nge-IBV.
-- U-Li Yinju et al. (2021) Ukuphenya ngemiphumela yokuvikela ye-baicalin ne-chlorogenic acid ekuphenduleni kokuvuvukala okubangelwa ukutheleleka kwe-IBDV emibungu yenkukhu. Imibungu yenkukhu enezinsuku ezingu-9 ubudala yahlukaniswa ngokungahleliwe yaba amaqembu angu-3 futhi yaphathwa ngokugxilisa okuhlukile kwe-baicalin ne-chlorogenic acid futhi akukho ukwelashwa njengokulawula. 48 h ngemva kokuchanyuselwa, iqembu ngalinye laligonywe ngegciwane elilodwa. Izinga lokusinda kwemibungu laliqashwe nsuku zonke, futhi umthamo wegciwane esibindini nokuqukethwe kwabalamuli bokuvuvukala esibindini kutholwe yi-QRT{13}}PCR. Lapho ukugxila kwe-baicalin ne-chlorogenic acid kungu-108 kanye no-215mg/iqanda, ngokulandelana, kubonise amandla abalulekile e-antiviral, kunciphisa kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwe-histamine, kuvimbela ngokuphawulekayo ukusebenza kwe-nf-kb, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuvimbele ukukhiqizwa{16}kwe-pro{16}i-inflammatory cytokines TNF{17} ibonise ukuthi{17} imiphumela ye-baica {17} i-chlorogenic acid inezindawo zokulwa ne-IBDV futhi isiza ukuvikela izifo ezihlobene nokuvuvukala.
- I-Chlorogenic acid inomphumela omuhle wokunqanda amagciwane ku-infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) kanye ne-Bursa of Fabricius virus (IBDV), ikakhulukazi ngokuvimbela ukuvezwa kwezici ezivuthayo, isebenze amasosha omzimba, ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela wokuvimbela izifo.
(2) AMATHEMBA OKWENZA ISICELO
Idatha yocwaningo ekhona ibonisa ukuthi i-chlorogenic acid ine-anti-antioxidant, antioxidant, bacteriostatic, ngcono impilo yamathumbu, imithelela ye-antiviral kanye ne-immune regulation, futhi inganciphisa ingozi yezifo eziningi ezithathelwanayo ezingeni lamathumbu. I-Chlorogenic acid iyisengezo sokudla semvelo, esiluhlaza futhi esiphephile kanye nesengezo sokudla, esingangena esikhundleni sabagqugquzeli bokukhula kwamakhemikhali okwenziwa (ama-antibiotic) kanye nezithuthukisi zokuzivikela komzimba, futhi inamathemba abanzi okusebenza.
