I-Oleanolic acid, i-pentacyclic triterpenoid, yahlukaniswa nezithelo ze-Swertia viridis noma i-Fructus ligustris ligustris. Ucwaningo lwesimanje lwesayensi yezokwelapha luqinisekisile ukuthi i-oleanolic acid inganciphisa kakhulu ukuphakama kwe-serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, inciphise ukonakala kanye necrosis yamangqamuzana esibindi, ukusabela kokuvuvukala kanye nenqubo ye-fibrosis yezicubu zesibindi, ikhuthaze ukuvuselelwa kwamangqamuzana esibindi, isheshise ukulungiswa kwezicubu zesibindi ze-necrotic, ivimbele ukusabela okulungile{2} ukuphazamiseka kwe-protein metabolism. Ukubuka kwe-Ultrastructural kubonise ukuthi i-oleanolic acid ingavikela futhi izinze i-biofilm ye-lysosome membrane ne-organelle, ibuyisele amandla ayo okudlula kanye nokuthutha okusebenzayo, ibuyisele ukunyakaza nokutholakala kwama-ion angaphakathi kwe-intracellular kanye namanzi, ibuyisele amangqamuzana esibindi avamile nge-cytoplasm nebhaluni{4}}njengenguquko, iqinise ikhono lokuvuselela isibindi, ivimbele futhi ivimbele i-fibrosis. Ukuhlolwa kwe-in vitro kubonise ukuthi i-oleanolic acid inganqanda ukwanda kwamaseli e-leukemia ngokwehlisa-ukulawula ukubonakaliswa kwe-vascular endothelial growth factor. Ilungele ukwelapha i-viral hepatitis, ukuthuthukisa izimpawu, izimpawu nokusebenza kwesibindi, ukulungisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-protein metabolism kanye{8}}nemiphumela ethile yokulwa nesimila.
Umatinei-alkaloid ekhishwe futhi yahlukaniswa ne-sophora emndenini we-leguminous. Ngokuyinhloko i-oxymatrine futhi iqukethe inani elincane le-oxysophorine. I-Matrine inomphumela wokukhulisa i-leukopenia futhi inomphumela osobala wokwelapha ku-leukopenia. Inomphumela wokuvikela ekulimaleni kwesibindi, i-serum alanine aminotransferase yehla, i-necrosis yesibindi nokuvuvukala kuncishisiwe, ukulungiswa kwezicubu zesibindi kwanda; Ukuhlolwa kwe-in vitro kanye ne-vivo kubonise ukuthi kungavimbela ukuphindaphinda kwe-HBV ngezinga elithile. Inganciphisa ukuvuleka kwe-capillary, ukuvinjelwa kwe-granulation tissue hyperplasia, elawula i-mast cell yesibindi ekhulula i-histamine ne-leukotriene medium, ukuvinjelwa kokukhululwa kwe-mouse peritoneal macrophages okubangelwa i-lipopolysaccharide interleukin 1, i-interleukin 6 kanye ne-tumor necrosis factor alpha namanye ama-antisteroidal anti-inflammatory,{6} anti{7}}imiphumela yokungezwani nomzimba; Ingavimbela ukwanda kwama-astrocyte e-hepatic futhi ine-anti{8}}isibindi fibrosis effect. Inomphumela we-immunomodulatory futhi ingavimbela ngempumelelo noma ibambezele ukuvela komdlavuza wesibindi. Ifanele ukwelapha isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo B esingamahlalakhona, i-hepatitis B yesibindi fibrosis, ingaphinde isetshenziselwe ukwelapha ngeradiotherapy, ukwelapha ngamakhemikhali okubangelwa i-leukopenia nezinye izizathu ezibangelwa i-leukopenia. Inomphumela osizayo wokwelapha ku-eczema eyingozi futhi engapheli kanye ne-herpes zoster.
I-Silybiniyi-antioxidant etholakala esitshalweni se-milk thistle, esizinzisa ulwelwesi lwamangqamuzana esibindi, ivikela uhlelo lwe-enzyme yamangqamuzana esibindi, futhi isuse izinhlobo ze-oxygen esebenzayo (ROS) emangqamuzaneni esibindi, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise ikhono lesibindi lokuqeda ubuthi, ithuthukise ukusebenza kwesibindi, futhi ikhuthaze ukuvuselelwa kwamaseli esibindi. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-pharmacological and toxicological yabonisa ukuthi i-silybin yayinemiphumela yokuvikela neyokwelapha esibindini, izidakamizwa ezilwa nesifo sofuba kanye ne-sepsis, futhi ivimbele ukuphakama kwe-aminotransferase ngezinga elithile. Imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi i-silybin inganqanda ukwanda kwamaseli esibindi kanye ne-collagen synthesis, futhi inomphumela othile wokulwa{2}}ne-fibrosis. Kungavimbela izinkinga zesifo sikashukela ngokuthuthukisa ukucaciswa kwe-lipid peroxides, futhi kungandisa ukuzwela kwe-insulin ku-vivo. Isebenza ekulimaleni kwesibindi esinobuthi nokuzivikela komzimba, i-hepatitis eyingozi futhi engapheli, ukwelashwa okungavamile kwesibindi okunamafutha esibindi. Kungase futhi kubangele i-fibrosis yesibindi ngezinga elithile. Inemiphumela ethile yokuvimbela kanye nokwelapha ezinkingeni zesifo sikashukela kanye nezifo ezihlobene nokumelana ne-insulin. Ukuze welashwe isibindi esinamafutha, i-cirrhosis, kungcono kakhulu ukungadli{8}}ukudla okunamafutha amaningi. Ekubangeni{10}}utshwala besikhathi eside, ukubhema okubangelwa ukwelashwa kokulimala kwesibindi, ukwelashwa kokulungisa kungasetshenziswa.
