I-Xylitol (C5H12O5),-i-carbon sugar alcohol emihlanu, iwumkhiqizo omaphakathi we-xylose metabolism. Iyikristalu emhlophe eyimpuphu futhi incibilika kalula emanzini. Itholakala kakhulu izithelo, imifino, okusanhlamvu, isikhunta nokunye ukudla kanye nezinkuni, utshani, isikhwebu sombila nezinye izitshalo. Ubumnandi bayo bufana kakhulu ne-sucrose, kodwa uma iqhathaniswa ne-sucrose, inenzuzo yekhalori ephansi, ngakho-ke ivame ukusetshenziswa esikhundleni sikashukela futhi ithandwa ngabanesifo sikashukela.
01Izinzuzo ze-xylitol
I-Xylitol iyi-sweetener yemvelo, ubumnandi bayo bufana ne-sucrose, futhi izohambisana nomuzwa opholile kancane ngemva komlomo, owakhiqizwa eFinland, okwamanje okhiqizwa ikakhulukazi eChina.
Itholakala kabanzi kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo, iwumkhiqizo we-xylose metabolism, i-birch, i-oki, isikhwebu sommbila, i-bagasse nezinye izitshalo kokuqukethwe okuphezulu, ngakho ukukhiqizwa kwe-xylitol ikakhulukazi ngalezi zitshalo njengezinto zokusetshenziswa.
Ngokufunda okuqhubekayo kososayensi, i-xylitol ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa ngamagciwane ukuvutshelwa kwe-caries yamazinyo, futhi ingavimbela ukukhula kwe-streptococcus nesizukulwane se-asidi, ngakho-ke isebenzise esikhundleni sikashukela ku-dessert, ingavimbela ngokuphumelelayo ukubola kwamazinyo.
I-Xylitol isetshenziswa kabanzi ekudleni okufana neshungamu, ushingamu, i-confectionery kanye noshokoledi, futhi yaziwa ngokusemthethweni izinhlangano eziningi zezempilo zamazinyo zikazwelonke.
I-Xylitol esinye isici esivelele ukuthi ayidingi i-insulin ku-metabolism, ingangena ngqo kumaseli, futhi i-metabolic esheshayo, inkomba ye-glycemic (GI) kuphela i-7 kuya ku-13, iphansi kakhulu kune-sucrose (ushukela GI ngu-65), futhi ayikho ingozi yezempilo ye-fructose, ngaleyo ndlela ibe iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela esikhundleni sikashukela esifanele.
Ngokwekhalori ye-xylitol ingu-60% kuphela we-sucrose, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwe-xylitol ngeke kwenyuse amafutha amaphakathi egazini, kodwa futhi kuvimbele ukwakheka kwe-glycerol, izici ze-fatty acid, isisindo{1}}ukulahlekelwa abantu baqala ukusebenzisa i-xylitol esikhundleni se-sucrose.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo olwenziwa eNyuvesi yase-Iowa luthole ukuthi i-xylitol yehlisa usawoti wongqimba lwamafinyila endaweni yokuphefumula ezigulini ezinama-fibrocysts, kusize iziguli ukuthi zilulame ikhono lazo lokuvikela izifo zamaphaphu. Ososayensi baseFinland bathola ukuthi i-xylitol yasiza ukuvimbela ukukhumuzeka kwamathambo nokwandisa ukuminyana kwamathambo kumagundane.
02Amaswidi akufanele adliwe ngokukhululeka
Ngenxa yalezi zakhiwo, i-xylitol ithola ukunakwa okwengeziwe futhi nabathengisi baphakamisa izinzuzo zayo, kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi imikhiqizo esebenzisa i-xylitol idliwa mahhala.
I-Xylitol akulula ukubola ngama-enzyme esisu futhi ingene ngqo emathunjini, ngakho-ke ukweqisa kuzoshukumisa isisu namathumbu ngezinga elithile, kungase kubangele ukungakhululeki kwesisu, i-flatulence, i-bowel rumble. Futhi i-xylitol ezingeni lokumunca emathunjini elingaphansi kuka-20%, kulula ukunqwabelana odongeni lwamathumbu, kulula ukubangela isifo sohudo se-osmotic.
Ngasikhathi sinye, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwe-xylitol kuzoholela ekwandeni kwezinga le-triglyceride egazini lomuntu, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise ingozi ye-coronary atherosclerosis emithanjeni yegazi, ikakhulukazi imithambo yegazi ebalulekile. Enye yezinkinga eziyinhloko zesifo sikashukela yizifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, futhi ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile akungabazeki ukuthi kubi kakhulu.
Akuyona nje i-xylitol, kodwa amanye ama-sweeteners ajwayelekile kithi, angaba yingozi uma esetshenziswe ngokweqile.
Isibonelo, i-fructose ingandisa ingozi yesibindi esinamafutha, uju kanye ne-maltose kungenza ushukela wegazi ukhuphuke ngokushesha, i-acesulfame ingabangela umonakalo ohlelweni lwe-spleen kanye nezinzwa, i-sucralose ingakhulula izinto ezinobuthi ku-119 degree, i-aspartame ingaphazamisa umsebenzi we-alkaline phosphatase emathunjini amancane futhi iholele ekuvuvukeni kwamathumbu amancane.
03Ukusetshenziswa kwe-xylitol ekudleni
1. Ukushintsha izinto ezibhakwayo
Ukufaka isicelo kumaqebelengwane angenashukela{{0}, amakhekhe angenashukela-angenawo ushukela ukusuka ekugcwalisweni kuye ebusweni awawusebenzisi ushukela, futhi asebenzisa kokubili ubumnandi, futhi akukhiqizi ukushisa noma ukushisa okuphansi kwazo zonke izinhlobo "zoshukela-ze-sweetener{2}}yamahhala esikhundleni sokukhiqizwa kukashukela, kusetshenziswa i-xylitol ushukela owuketshezi{3}}ukubhaka ikhekhe lamahhala ngeke kwenzeke ngemva kokusabela kombala onsundu, umbala onsundu.
2. i-xylitol kuhlelo lwesiphuzo
Iziphuzo ezijwayelekile ngokuvamile zenziwa ngokungeza i-sucrose nenani elithile le-asidi nezinye izithako. Iziphuzo ezingenashukela-zingahlanganiswa ne-xylitol ne-maltitol ngesilinganiso esingu-1:1 ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi ukuze uthole ukunambitheka okuthambile nokuthambile kweziphuzo eziqediwe, ngaphandle kokungeza noma iyiphi i-sweetener ephezulu, futhi imikhiqizo eqediwe iyaqabula futhi imnandi. I-Xylitol ingasebenza namanye ama-alcohol ashukela. Kulungile? Ukulungiswa kwe-Fructose okuyinhlanganisela, ingasetshenziswa yodwa eziphuzweni zetiye zamahhala{{6}ezingenashukela? Iziphuzo zezithelo neziphuzo zezempilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-xylitol ingaphinde ilawule inani le-caloric, izinze futhi ivikele izakhi ekulimaleni, futhi ithuthukise ukunambitha kweziphuzo. Umzimba nomuzwa opholile.
3. I-Xylitol ingasetshenziswa njengesithako sewayini ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yewayini
Ucwaningo lwase-Japan luthole ukuthi ukwengeza u-0.13% we-xylitol kutshwala bokwenziwa esikhundleni se-glucose kungenza ngenxa yotshwala obunephunga elimnandi, buthambile, futhi kunciphise izici zokulimala kwamagciwane. Ukwengeza u-1.15% we-xylitol otshwaleni kungenza ukunambitheka kotshwala kube bushelelezi futhi bube bushelelezi.
4. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-xylitol ku-yogurt
I-Xylitol, njengento entsha yokusebenza engathuthukisa ukusebenza kwamathumbu, inezici zokusebenza eziphezulu futhi iyisici esisebenzayo esinesengezo. Iyogathi engenashukela eyenziwe nge-xylitol ithandwa kakhulu ngabathengi ngoba inomsoco wobisi, futhi ingakhuthaza ukwanda kwe-bifidobacteria, ukugayeka kokudla kanye nokumuncwa kwezakhamzimba, futhi ithuthukise ukungatheleleki kwabantu.
5. i-xylitol kuhlelo lokusebenza lwemikhiqizo kashokoledi
Ushokoledi owenziwe nge-xylitol ungafaneleka ukuthi abantu abanesifo sikashukela bawudle, nge-fructose? Njenge-sorbitol noma i-mannitol, i-xylitol ingathatha indawo ye-sucrose emikhiqizweni kashokoledi. Kodwa i-xylitol kufanele ibe yimpushana egayiwe kahle, ekukhiqizeni ukulungisa umswakama womoya, uma umswakama ohlobene nomoya udlula ama-80%, umkhiqizo uzovela isakhiwo "esihlabathi" esimahhadla emva kokugcinwa isikhathi esithile.
6. i-xylitol ekusebenziseni uswidi
I-Xylitol{{0}izinsini namaswidi asekelwe kugunyazwe ngokusemthethweni izinhlangano eziyisithupha zikazwelonke zezempilo yamazinyo. Uswidi oqinile ovamile ngokuvamile uqukethe i-sucrose ne-glucose isiraphu, evimbela ukwakheka kwekristalu futhi yenze umkhiqizo ube oqinile, obonakalayo. Izindawo ezishisayo zokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi kuswidi seziphenduke imakethe ye-confectionery yanamuhla kanye nokugxila kwentuthuko, kusetshenziswa i-xylitol njengohlobo lokugcwalisa amaswidi esikhundleni sokukhiqizwa kwamaswidi kashukela, ngaphandle kokwengeza amanye amaswidi e-aspartame ne-saccharin anjalo aqinile, ngeke akhiqize into ebilayo ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, kanye nesikhala esidingekayo sokuvuselela kabusha, imishini, umphumela ongcono kunesinye isikhathi kanye ne-candy amandla. amaswidi "okungewona{3}}e-sucrose", anokunambitheka okumnandi okumsulwa, okupholile futhi aqabulayo, futhi angenawo ukunambitheka kwangemuva.
