Embikweni wayo wakamuva, i-International Diabetes Federation (IDF) ithi "isifo sikashukela singesinye sezimo eziphuthumayo-ezikhula ngokushesha emhlabeni ekhulwini lama-21", sithinta abantu babo bonke ubudala nezifunda. Ngo-2019, cishe abantu abayizigidi ezingama-463 abaneminyaka engama-20-79 babenesifo sikashukela emhlabeni wonke, futhi iningi labo lalinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 (T2DM), elilingana nomuntu oyedwa kubantu abadala abayi-11. I-China iyizwe elinesibalo esikhulu kunazo zonke seziguli ezikhulile, ezifinyelela ezigidini ezingu-116.4, kanti isiguli esisodwa kwezine ezinesifo sikashukela emhlabeni sivela eChina, futhi lesi simo kulindeleke ukuthi siqhubeke kuze kube ngu-2045.
Izinkinga aziyona ingxenye-engenandaba nomthwalo wesifo sikashukela. Umbiko we-IDF uthi u-32% wabantu abanesifo sikashukela emhlabeni wonke banesifo senhliziyo; ngaphezu kuka-80% wesifo sokuphela-sesiteji se-renal (ESRD) sibangelwa isifo sikashukela noma umfutho wegazi ophakeme noma kokubili... Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi abantu abane-prediabetes noma uhlobo 2 Abantu abanesifo sikashukela basengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo i-Alzheimer's esithuthukisiwe nezinye izinhlobo zokuwohloka komqondo, futhi ingozi yabo icishe iphindwe kabili kunomphakathi ovamile.
Ocwaningweni olusha lomtholampilo olwanyatheliswa ku-Scientific Reports, abacwaningi abavela eMIT, Brandeis University kanye nePalm Oil Research Group basebenzisa i-palm fruit extract (i-palm fruit bioactives, PFB) evela eMexico ukuze baphenye ukuthi isithako Sathuthukisa izimpawu zempilo yengqondo namathumbu kumagundane, kanye nokuthi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 lwaluhlotshaniswa nokwanda noma ukwanda kwezifo, kuhlanganise nezifo ezihlukahlukene ze-Alzheimer's.
Ucwaningo lukhethe amagundane otshani angama-39 e-Nile (noma ase-Afrika) alunyulwa enamaviki angu-3 ubudala (i-Nile Grass rat, i-NGR) njengezinhlobo ezihlolwayo, ezingu-21 zazo zidliwe i-fiber-mahhala,{4}}i-carbohydrate yokudla ephezulu (60:20:20) njengeqembu elilawulayo. yama-carbohydrate, amafutha namaprotheni), enye i-18 yayingeyeqembu lokuhlola, futhi ukudla okufanayo kwengezwe nge-10% PFB kumthamo abacwaningi abathi kwakuyi-4.7mg GAE/g (GAE=i-gallic acid elingana), ukuhlolwa kwaqhubeka amasonto angu-8.
Imingcele ye-physiological yamagundane emaqenjini okuhlola nokulawula
Ngemva kokuphakelwa ukudla{0}okuphezulu kwe-cholesterol, i-NGR yahlukaniswa yaba yiqembu lesifo sikashukela-elivamile kanye neqembu{2}}elimelana nesifo sikashukela. Imiphumela ibonise ukuthi i-12 (57%) yama-NGR angu-21 eqenjini elilawulayo athuthukise i-T2DM. Lokhu kwenzeke ezilwaneni eziyisi-6 kuphela kweziyi-18 eqenjini lokuhlola, noma ama-33% e-NGR. Lokhu kuhumushela ekwehleni ngamaphesenti angama-45 kwezehlakalo zohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela, kusho abacwaningi.
Eminyakeni engu-20 edlule, izincwadi eziningi ziye zabonisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-T2DM kanye nezifo ze-neurodeergenerative (NDGs) njengesifo i-Alzheimer's. Ngokusekelwe ekuhlobaneni phakathi kwe-T2DM nesifo se-Alzheimer, kanye nokulimala kwenzwa ye-motor ku-NGR enesifo sikashukela esithuthukisiwe, abacwaningi bathola ukuthi mayelana nempilo yengqondo, i-PFB supplementation, nakuba inciphise kakhulu izehlakalo zamagundane anesifo sikashukela , kodwa ayizange ithinte ukuvezwa kwezinqubo ze-neurodegenerative ezifana -ne-amyloid deposition, phosphorylated, noma i-tain tau {5}.
Okutholakele okusha ukuthi ukwesekwa kokudla kwe-10% PFB kwandise kakhulu amazinga e-tyrosine hydroxylase ku-basal ganglia yobuchopho be-NGR ngaphandle kwesimo sesifo sikashukela. Ukwanda kobuchopho be-tyrosine hydroxylase wukuthola okusha okungaba kubalulekile okuhlukile ku-PFB, nokwanda okugqame kakhulu ku-striatum, i-caudate putamen, ne-substantia nigra.
Isakhiwo esiphakeme se-tyrosine hydroxylase sisebenzisa i-UCSF chimera 1.6.1/PDB ID 2xsn
I-Tyrosine hydroxylase izinga elingukhiye-elikhawulela i-enzyme ekuhlanganiseni kwama-neurotransmitters. Isinyathelo esilandelayo, abacwaningi bathi, ukubheka ngokuqondile ukuthi i-PFB iyawaphakamisa yini amazinga ezinto ezifana ne-dopamine, i-norepinephrine ne-epinephrine.
Abacwaningi baphinde bathola ukuthi ukwengezwa nge-PFB kwandisa isisindo esimaphakathi se-NGR caecum (ingxenye yamathumbu). Isisindo se-cecal esimaphakathi (njengephesenti lesisindo somzimba wonke) sasingu-1.16% kumagundane anesifo sikashukela{2}}angazange athole i-PFB kanye no-1.64% kumagundane anesifo sikashukela{4}}athola i-PFB; Isilinganiso sesisindo se-cecal sasingu-1.29%, uma siqhathaniswa no-1.58% kushukela-amagundane athambekele ekutholeni i-PFB. Lo mehluko ububaluleke ngokwezibalo ngezindlela ezimbili-ze-ANOVA.
Okutholwe emathunjini kwenzuzo yesisindo se-cecal okubangelwa i-PFB kudinga ukucwaninga okwengeziwe. Izincwadi ezine-colonic microbiota ziphakamisa ukuthi imiphumela enamandla ebuchosheni nasekuziphatheni ngezinye izikhathi iqondiswa ama-metabolites akhiqizwa yi-microbiota. Idatha yokuqala yokuqala evela ku-16S rRNA ukulandelana kwezakhi zofuzo iphakamisa ukuthi izilinganiso ze-Firmicutes/Bacteroides (Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes) zishintshile futhi ziyahluka phakathi kwezinhlobo zebhaktheriya, kodwa lokhu okutholakele kokuqala kudinga ukucwaninga okwengeziwe, kodwa kungase kube nomthelela emathunjini/ Izinguquko kuma-axis obuchopho zibalulekile.
Nakuba ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuhlobana okuhle phakathi kwempilo ye-metabolic nempilo yengqondo, noma ngabe kunezinqubo ezimbili ezihlukene noma izici ezimbili zendlela efanayo zidinga uphenyo olwengeziwe.
