Imikhiqizo yemvelo ibisetshenziswa abantu ukwelapha izifo kusukela ekuqaleni kwesintu. Ngokutholakala kwezinsalela ze-Neanderthal, iminonjana yokusetshenziswa kwezitshalo zokwelapha iye yatholwa okokuqala ngqa. Amarekhodi okuqala amakhambi emithi atholakala eMesophothamiya, ehlehlela emuva ku-2600 BC. Njengamanje, izitshalo eziningi zisetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezinjengokuvuvukala, umkhuhlane, nemikhuhlane.
Kwaze kwafika ngeminyaka yawo-1970 lapho kwenziwa khona inqubekelaphambili enkulu ekusetshenzisweni kwe-algal cultures ukukhiqizwa kwezingulube, izithasiselo zokudla kanye namavithamini embonini yezemithi.
I-algae ingumthombo wezithako zokudla ezahlukahlukene kanye nezinto eziphilayo embonini. Isibonelo, i-chlorophyll iwumkhiqizo obalulekile embonini yezemithi futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ekwelapheni isifo sesibindi kanye nezifo zezilonda ngenxa yekhono layo lokuhlafuna. Ucwaningo olukhona futhi lukholelwa ukuthi i-chlorophyll kanye nokuphuma kwayo kune-antioxidant, -i-mutagenic kanye{3}}nemisebenzi yokulwa nesimila.
I-Agar iyi-coagulant eyenziwe ngokhula lwasolwandle futhi isetshenziswa ekwenzeni amaphilisi, amaphilisi, izithambisi zokuhlinza kanye nama-emulsion ahlukahlukene. Ibuye isetshenziswe njenge-disintegrant kanye ne-excipient yezemithi. Embonini yezimonyo, isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza okhilimu, ama-lotion, ama-lipstick kanye nama-deodorants.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezimila zasolwandle embonini yezimonyo akuyona into entsha, futhi kunemikhiqizo eminingana emakethe etholakala ezitshalweni zasolwandle ukuze zokwelapha isikhumba ({0}}okhilimu bokuguga, imikhiqizo evuselelayo noma eqabulayo). Kukhona ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimonyo ezisuselwa ku-microalgae{2}, njengokunakekelwa kwezinwele nemikhiqizo yokuvikela ilanga. Imikhiqizo ethengiswayo ihlanganisa ne-chlorella ekhishwe, evuselela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-collagen esikhumbeni kanye nokuvuselelwa kwezicubu, okusiza ukunciphisa ukuguga.
Ama-alginates avela kulwelwe olunsundu asebenza kahle njengama-laxative ngoba amunca amanzi amaningi ngamathumbu futhi enze kube lula ukuhamba kwamathumbu. Emtholampilo wamazinyo, lezi zinhlanganisela zisetshenziselwa ukulungisa isikhunta samazinyo. Amabhandeshi afakwe i-sodium alginate asetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukusha ngoba le alginate isiza ekwelapheni futhi inciphisa ubuhlungu. I-sodium alginate ingasetshenziswa futhi njenge-neutralizer yezinsimbi ezithile ezisindayo noma izinsimbi ezikhipha imisebe.
Umsebenzi we-Antitumor we-Seaweed Alginates okhiqizwa ulwelwe olunsundu unomsebenzi we-antitumor ngokuvimbela ukukhula kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza ku-vivo. I-Wakame, i-Fucus, ne-Okayama zinekhono lokulwa-nokwanda kwesimila, futhi zingaba ulwelwe lwekhandidethi lezidakamizwa zesikhathi esizayo zokulwa{2}}nezimila. Ukwengeza, ulwelwe olunsundu, olucebile nge-iodine namafinyila, lusebenza njenge-anti{4}}cellulite, lunomuthi{5}}olufana ne-laxative, futhi lunciphisa indlala, yingakho lusetshenziswa njengokudla okwehlisa isisindo. Ulwelwe olunsundu lusetshenziswa njengemithi{{7}eqeda ukuvuvukala futhi eqeda{8}i-rheumatic ngaphezu kokusebenza ekunciphiseni isisindo ngenxa kasawoti wawo wamaminerali acebile kanye ne-trace elements.
Umsebenzi we-antibacterial we-algae Ama-antibiotics athathwa njengezidakamizwa ezinkulu ze-antibacterial kusukela ekutholweni kwawo ngo-1928 ngu-microbiologist u-Alexander Fleming. Nokho, ukwanda kwemithi elwa namagciwane ngokushesha kwaholela ekusetshenzisweni kwawo ngokweqile, futhi phakathi neminyaka eyishumi edlule ama-antibiotic aphelelwe amandla ngenxa yokumelana namagciwane kuma-antimicrobial, okwenza kube nzima ukwelapha izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane . Ukungazweli emishanguzweni kuyinkinga enkulu ekwelashweni kwezifo namuhla, futhi kunesidingo esiphuthumayo sokuthola izinhlanganisela ezintsha zama-antimicrobial ukulwa nezifo. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi okukhishwe kwe-Turbino, gymnospermia kanye ne-Sargassum kungavimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane futhi kube nomsebenzi wokulwa namagciwane ngokumelene ne-Escherichia coli, i-Pseudomonas aeruginosa, i-Staphylococcus aureus, ne-Enterococcus faecalis, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi kube isizukulwane esilandelayo semithi elwa namagciwane.
I-Antifungal Activity of Algae Ngaphezu kwezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, izifo ezibangelwa isikhunta bezilokhu ziyinkinga ekwelapheni. Isici esiyinhloko sesikhunta se-pathogenic yi-dimorphism yazo, okungukuthi, zikhona njenge-mycelium endaweni kodwa ziguquke zibe isikhunta njengoba izinga lokushisa lomuntu likhuphuka. Izinhlobonhlobo zokukhishwa kwe-macroalgae kukhonjiswe ukuthi zinemiphumela yokulwa ne-antifungal, kanti ama-macroalgae omndeni we-algae ansundu anezindawo zokulwa ne-Candida albicans, i-Penicillium, i-Aspergillus flavus, i-Aspergillus terreus, i-Candida glabrata kanye ne-Cryptococcus albicans. Ama-Sesquiterpenes ahlukaniswe nolwelwe olubomvu anomsebenzi we-in vitro antifungal ngokumelene ne-Cryptococcus albicans, i-Candida glabrata, i-Trichophyton rubrum ne-Aspergillus fumigatus.
Umsebenzi Wokuvimbela Amagciwane Wolwelwe Ulwelwe oluningi luqukethe inani elikhulu lama-polysaccharides ane-sulfate, okukhonjiswe ukuthi avimbela ukuphindaphindeka kwamagciwane amboziwe. Ama-polysaccharides ane-sulfated nezinye izinhlanganisela ezikhishwe ku-algae obomvu, ulwelwe oluluhlaza nolwelwe olunsundu kunemiphumela ephikisayo esobala ku-SARS-CoV-2. Izitshalo ze-Phaeophyta zinemiphumela evimbelayo ku-human immunodeficiency virus futhi zingavimbela ukuphindaphinda kwamagciwane amboziwe, kuhlanganise namalungu omndeni we-flavivirus, ama-rhabdoviruses, ama-orthopoxviruses, i-herpesviruses, ne-HIV. Ama-polysaccharides ane-sulfurized atholwe ezikhishwe ulwelwe olubomvu aphinde abonise umsebenzi othile wokulwa{8}}negciwane le-immunodeficiency virus. Ngokwezinye izifundo, okukhishwe kwe-Porphyromonas violaceum, i-Chlorella, i-Isochore ne-Dunaliella inomsebenzi wokulwa namagciwane ngokumelene negciwane le-hemorrhagic sepsis. Izingcaphuno ezivela ku-Porphyromonas violaceum kanye ne-Chlorella zingavimbela i-African swine fever virus. I-extracts ye-Isochonium ne-Dunaliella inganciphisa ukuqoqwa kwe-polynuclide ne-neurotoxin, futhi ibe nomthelela wokuvikela ezinzwa.
